AI on Polish Labour Market, 2024

In October 2024, the  Polish Economic Institute edited <<Korgul, K., Witczak, J., Święcicki, I. (2024), AI on the Polish labour market, PEI>>

Introduction to the report:

<<Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to significantly transform the Polish labour market – simplifying or eliminating some tasks, increasing the productivity of some workers, and increasing the pressure to acquire new skills or retrain almost everyone. In our analysis, we use a methodology used previously for US data to estimate the impact of AI on the Polish labour market ( and additionally, we distinguish the impact of large language models and image generation
algorithms).

• The 20 occupational groups most exposed to AI include mainly professional occupations – financiers, lawyers, some civil servants, administrative professionals or programmers. On the other hand, the
professions least exposed include labourers doing simple jobs in various sectors, cleaners and janitors, and machine operators.

• Women are more likely than men to work in occupations where AI is highly likely to be used. This may be because AI is more likely to affect industries where women make up a higher proportion of the workforce, and women are less likely to take on manual jobs and are more likely to be better educated than men.

• AI will also have a much greater effect on professions that require university-education. 44 % of people in such professions work in the 20 occupations most likely to be affected by AI, and they account for as much as 82 % of all those working in these occupations. For them, the use of AI could mean an increase in productivity and earnings – which could translate into increased inequality in Poland.

• Those working in the Masovian, Lesser Poland and Pomeranian voivodeships are most exposed to AI, while those in the Świętokrzyskie, Lublin and Kuyavian-Pomeranian voivodeships least. This is probably due to the presence of agglomerations and jobs of specialised non-physical workers in the voivodeships with the highest exposure, as well as the more frequent presence of technology and science centres>>.